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circle of a sphere
A circle of a sphere is a circle that lies on a sphere. Such a circle can be formed as the intersection of a sphere and a plane, or of two spheres. A circle on a sphere whose plane passes through the center of the sphere is called a great circle; otherwise it is a small circle. Circles of a sphere have radius less than or equal to the sphere radius, with equality when the circle is a great circle.
==On the earth==
In the geographic coordinate system on a globe, the parallels of latitude are such circles, with the Equator the only great circle. By contrast, all meridians of longitude, paired with their opposite meridian in the other hemisphere, form great circles.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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